The second law of thermodynamics can be used to determine whether a process is reversible or not. The second law requires that generally speaking, any system's total entropy cannot decrease more than increasing some other system's entropy.Īn irreversible process increases the entropy of the universe. Entropy and the Second Principle of ThermodynamicsĪt the second law of thermodynamics appears a new important concept it is called entropy. Therefore, it assumes that all processes are reversible processes. however, it tells us nothing about the direction in which a process can occur in a system. The first principle of thermodynamics states that energy cannot be created or destroyed. At the same time, it denies the existence of a first-class perpetual motion machine. It establishes that any process whose sole purpose is to create or destroy energy is impossible. It is known as the Clausius statement.Īccording to the first law, every thermodynamic process in a given system must satisfy the principle of conservation of energy. The maximum efficiency that can be achieved is the Carnot efficiency.Īccording to Rudolf Clausius, “Heat can never pass from a colder to a warmer body without some other change, connected in addition to that, occurring at the same time.”. However, not all heat can be converted into work. It follows from the second principle that while all work can be converted into heat. The second law of thermodynamics states: "The amount of entropy in the universe tends to increase with time."
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